Study of hematological profile and its signicance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

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Original Article

Author Details : Bharathi K

Volume : 1, Issue : 1, Year : 2016

Article Page : 14-17

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Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic patients are more prone to be anemic and it is worsened further by associated chronic kidney disease and metformin treatment. Other hematological features like leukocytosis and platelet abnormalities are also common in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. We studied the hematological profile of diabetic male patients to know the type of anemia along with the presence of other hematological abnormalities which is often missed clinically.
Objectives: To study the peripheral smear and hematological parameters of type 2 diabetic male patients and to correlate it with disease stage.
Material & Methods: Peripheral smear and hematological parameters of type 2 diabetic male patients were studied and compared with normal healthy males. 100 male patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus in our hospital who comes for routine follow up were our study subjects. ADA (American Diabetic Association) criteria was used to select subjects. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 18 and Chi square test at p-value of 0.05 and 0.001.
Observation & Results: We observed that 26% of type 2 diabetic males were anemic with hemoglobin <11.5g/dl at P< 0.05. Out of which 10% were mildly anemic, 11% were moderately anemic and 5% were severely anemic. Peripheral Smear picture showed following abnormalities like normocytic normochromic anemia (13%), microcytic hypochromic anemia (8%) and macrocytic anemia with MCV more than 100 fL (5%), thrombocytopenia (5%), neutrophilia (30%), lymphocytosis (05%) eosinophilia (10%), giant platelets (07%) and burr cells (02%). We also observed that diabetic patients with renal disease had more occurrence of anemia and the severity of anemia correlated with severity of renal disease.
Implications: We emphasize that hematological profile should be included as a routine screening investigation to diagnose the type of anemia early in a diabetic patient to treat accordingly. Thus the morbidity of type 2 diabetes can be reduced considerably.

Keywords: Hematological profile, Morphology of anemia, Renal disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus

How to cite : Bharathi K, Study of hematological profile and its signicance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. IP J Diagn Pathol Oncol 2016;1(1):14-17

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