Triad of serum PSA, DRE and biopsy in diagnosing prostatic diseases- How useful it is?

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Original Article

Author Details : Mazhar Saba, Adiba Khan, Masheera Akhtar, Kafil Akhtar*

Volume : 8, Issue : 4, Year : 2023

Article Page : 213-216

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.050

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Abstract

Introduction: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein produced by prostatic acini and prostatic tissue. Its concentration increases in prostatic diseases. Concentration above 4 ng/ml is considered abnormal but there is no clear-cut point between normal and abnormal PSA levels. PSA is considered as serum marker for prostatic cancer but it is organ specific, not cancer specific. Digital rectal examination (DRE) is a routine part of prostate cancer screening. Biopsies are performed when PSA test and DRE are abnormal.
Aims and Objectives: The study is an attempt for comparative analysis among serum PSA, age, DRE, and biopsy results for the institution of specific treatment at an early stage.
Materials and Methods: Study was performed on 200 patients with different prostatic lesions in the Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. Clinical, DRE, PSA and histopathological biopsy were performed and analyzed by correlating the data.
Results: In our study 77.5% had normal (0-4 ng/ml) PSA level and 13.5% had >10 ng/ml PSA levels. BPH was the most common diagnosis (54.0%), followed by prostatitis (20.0%), BPH with prostatitis in 16.0% and carcinoma (10.0%). Serum PSA with positive DRE ranged from 1.2 ng/ml to 56 ng/ml while in negative DRE ranged from 0.18 ng/ml to 9.6 ng/ml.
Conclusions: PSA is specific for prostate but not for prostatic diseases. With increasing age serum PSA also increases. Conjunction of serum PSA with other variables like age, DRE and biopsy makes a better diagnosis of prostatic diseases.
 

Keywords: Prostate, Prostate specific antigen, DRE, ELISA, Histopathology

How to cite : Saba M, Khan A, Akhtar M, Akhtar K, Triad of serum PSA, DRE and biopsy in diagnosing prostatic diseases- How useful it is?. IP J Diagn Pathol Oncol 2023;8(4):213-216

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