Co-morbidities: Prevalence and evaluation of risk with COVID-19 (SARS CoV2) infection: A retrospective study

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Original Article

Author Details : Veer Karuna, Ravinder Singh, Vir Vivek*, Priya Gupta, Nidhi Verma, Monika Rathi

Volume : 6, Issue : 2, Year : 2021

Article Page : 119-126

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2021.026

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Abstract

Context: Cases of COVID 19 is a challenge for clinicians to evaluate the effect of SARS CoV2 on patients has preexisting medical illness.
Aim: To assess the potential effect and incidence of COVID 19 with comorbidity. 
Settings and Design: 680 COVID-19 positive cases were included. This research was limited to the admitted patients from October 2020 to February 2021. Applicable data were collected from patient’s files,
reviewed and included based on the applicability to the topic.
Methods and Materials: As of October, 2020, our institute had 954 suspected cases of COVID-19 infection. Out of these 680 patients were positive and rests were negative. We obtained data from the hospital records which provided information regarding the age, gender, chief complaints, co-morbidity and its type, positive /negative status and outcomes (Recovered/death). We divided the patients into three groups; (1) had no co-morbidity; (2) had one co-morbidity (3) had two or more co-morbidity and compared their outcomes (Recovery/Death/admitted). We also compared the outcomes of patients those had more than two co-morbidities.
Statistical analysis: clinical data and co-morbidities were examined with SPSS Statistics, Version 23. 
Results: Most patients were male (76.21%) with commonest complain of difficulty in breathing (46.03%). Among total cases, no co-morbidity was noted in 402 (59.11%) patients, one co-morbidity in 205(30.15%) and more than one co-morbidity in 73 (10.74%) patients. Higher death rate was noted in positive patients with two or more co-morbidities (35.62%). Diabetes and hypertension were the common observed illness with higher death rate in COPD and HTN with CAD (75.00%) patients.
Conclusions: Result of this study suggests a strong clinical relationship between COVID-19 and comorbidities. Patients with pre-existing medical sickness with COVID 19 is a challenge to the physicians as it yielded poorer clinical outcomes. So, the physicians need to be prepared to reorganize their consultative practices during this pandemic period.

Keywords: COVID 19, Comorbidities, COPD, Diabetes hypertension, SARS CoV2.

How to cite : Karuna V , Singh R , Vivek V , Gupta P , Verma N , Rathi M , Co-morbidities: Prevalence and evaluation of risk with COVID-19 (SARS CoV2) infection: A retrospective study. IP J Diagn Pathol Oncol 2021;6(2):119-126

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